Fluconazole (Fluconazole)

Fluconazole is an antifungal medication commonly used to treat fungal and yeast infections. It is a human medication that may be prescribed off-label for pets. It's effective against various organisms such as ringworm and yeast infections. This medication can be used to treat infections of the skin, ears, and nails, as well as systemic (bodywide) fungal infections.

Fluconazole inhibits the fungus' ability to produce an essential enzyme for cell membrane formation. This action reduces the growth and metabolism of the fungus. Fluconazole is particularly effective in treating infections within the nervous system or urinary tract.

It's important to follow your veterinarian's guidance regarding the use and dosage of Fluconazole. Typically, Fluconazole can be given with or without food but if your pet vomits or appears nauseous after taking the medication, give it with a small meal to help settle the stomach. The length of treatment will depend on several factors including the nature and severity of the infection. Fluconazole may take several weeks before full effects are noted, but gradual improvements are usually noticeable after a few days.

Overdose:

In case of overdose, symptoms like shallow breathing, drooling, urinary incontinence, blue gum colour, vomiting, and diarrhoea may occur. Contact your veterinarian or the New Zealand National Poisons Centre (www.poisons.co.nz/animal-helpline/ or 0800 869 738) in such situations.

Hypersensitivity: Animals with known hypersensitivity or allergy to fluconazole or other azole antifungal agents should not be given this medication.

Liver Disease: Caution should be used when administering fluconazole to pets with pre-existing liver disease or impaired liver function, as it is metabolised by the liver and can exacerbate liver issues.

Kidney Disease: Fluconazole is excreted primarily through the kidneys, so animals with impaired kidney function may require dose adjustments or alternative treatments.

Pregnancy and Lactation: The use of fluconazole in pregnant or lactating animals should be avoided unless the benefits outweigh the risks.

Drug Interactions: Use of fluconazole with certain medications can lead to adverse reactions or reduced efficacy of treatments due to drug interactions.

While generally well-tolerated, Fluconazole can potentially cause gastrointestinal side effects such as:

• Loss of appetite
• Vomiting
• Diarrhoea

Fluconazole can cause liver toxicity. Symptoms of this can include vomiting, reduced interest in food, and yellowing of the gums, skin, or whites of the eyes. If any of the following symptoms occur, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Store fluconazole at room temperature below 25 degrees C and out of reach of children and pets.

Regular monitoring may be recommended by your veterinarian, particularly for long-term use.

How long should a pet be treated with fluconazole?

• The duration depends on the infection type and severity. Some health issues require treatment for many weeks or even months.

Can this medication be taken with other medications?

• It is important to consult with your veterinarian about all medications your pet is currently on as Fluconazole can interact with other drugs.